Isishwankathelo seNkqubo yeAluminiyam yeIngot yokuCasa

I. Intshayelelo

Umgangatho we-aluminiyam yokuqala eveliswe kwiiseli ze-aluminium electrolytic iyahluka kakhulu, kwaye iqulethe ukungcola okuhlukeneyo kwetsimbi, iigesi, kunye ne-non-metal solid inclusions.Umsebenzi we-aluminiyam ingot casting kukuphucula ukusetyenziswa kolwelo oluphantsi lwe-aluminium kunye nokususa ukungcola kangangoko kunokwenzeka.

II.Ukuhlelwa kweeIngots zeAluminiyam

Ii-ingots ze-aluminium zihlelwa kwiindidi ezintathu ezisekelwe ekubunjweni: i-ingots yokubuyisela, i-ingots ye-aluminium ecocekileyo, kunye ne-aluminium alloy ingots.Zisenokwahlulwa ngokwemilo kunye nobukhulu, njengee-ingots ze-slab, ii-ingots ezingqukuva, ii-ingots zepleyiti, kunye nee-ingots ezinobu-T.Apha ngezantsi kukho iindidi ezininzi eziqhelekileyo ze-ingots ze-aluminium:

Ii-ingots zokunyibilikisa: 15kg, 20kg (≤99.80% Al)

Iingono ezimilise ngo-T: 500kg, 1000kg (≤99.80% Al)

Iingots ze-aluminiyam ezicocekileyo: 10kg, 15kg (99.90% ~99.999% Al)

I-aluminiyam i-alloy ingots: 10kg, 15kg (Al-Si, Al-Cu, Al-Mg)

Iingto zepleyiti: 500～1000kg (yemveliso yepleyiti)

Ii-ingots ezingqukuva: 30–60kg (yomzobo wocingo)

III.Inkqubo yokuCasa i-Aluminiyam yeIngot

Ukucofa iAluminiyam—Ukususwa kwenkunkuma—Ukuhlolwa kobunzima—Umxube wezinto eziphathekayo—Ukulayishwa kwesithando somlilo—Ukucokisa—Ukuphosa—Iingothi ezinyibilikayo—Uhlolo lokugqibela—Ukuhlolwa kobunzima bokugqibela—Ukugcinwa

Ukucofa ialuminiyam—Ukususwa kwenkunkuma—Ukuhlolwa kobunzima—Umxube wezinto eziphathekayo—Ukulayishwa kwesithando somlilo—Ukucokisa—Ukuphosa—Iingothi zengxubevange—Iingothi zengxubevange—Uhlolo lokugqibela—Uhlolo lokugqibela lobunzima—Ukugcinwa

IV.Inkqubo yokuSasa

Inkqubo yangoku yokuphosa i-aluminiyam ingot isebenzisa ubuchule bokugalela, apho ulwelo lwe-aluminiyam lugalelwa ngokuthe ngqo kwizingundo kwaye luvunyelwe ukuba luphole phambi kokutsalwa.Umgangatho wemveliso unqunywe ngokukodwa kweli nyathelo, kwaye yonke inkqubo yokuphosa ijikeleza kwesi sigaba.Ukuphosa yinkqubo ebonakalayo yokupholisa i-aluminiyam engamanzi kunye nokuyikristale kwii-ingots eziqinileyo ze-aluminiyam.

1. UkuSasa ngokuqhubekayo

Ukuphosa ngokuqhubekayo kubandakanya iindlela ezimbini: ukuphoswa kwesithando somlilo esixutywe kunye nokuphosa kwangaphandle, zombini usebenzisa oomatshini bokuphosa ngokuqhubekayo.Ukuphoswa kwesithando somlilo okuxutyiweyo kubandakanya ukugalela ulwelo lwe-aluminiyam kwiziko elixubeneyo lokugalela kwaye lisetyenziselwa ikakhulu ukuvelisa iingots ezinyibilikayo kunye nee-ingots zealloy.Ukukhutshwa kwangaphandle ngokuthe ngqo kuthululela ukusuka kwi-crucible ukuya kumatshini wokuphosa kwaye isetyenziswe xa izixhobo zokulahla zingenako ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokuvelisa okanye xa umgangatho wezinto ezingenayo umpofu.

2. ISemi-Eqhubekayo yokuCasa ngokuNqobileyo

Ukuphosa okuthe nkqo okuthe nkqo kusetyenziselwa ukuvelisa iingcingo ze-aluminium, ii-ingots zepleyiti, kunye ne-alloys ehlukeneyo yokuguqulwa.Emva kokuxuba izinto eziphathekayo, i-aluminium liquid ithululelwa kwisithando somlilo esixutywe.Kwiingcingo zocingo, i-disc ye-Al-B ekhethekileyo yongezwa ukususa i-titanium kunye ne-vanadium kwi-aluminium liquid ngaphambi kokuphosa.Umgangatho womphezulu wee-ingots zocingo lwe-aluminiyam kufuneka ugudiswe ngaphandle kwe-slag, iintanda, okanye i-gas pores.Ukuqhekeka komphezulu akufanele kube ngaphezu kwe-1.5mm, imibimbi ye-slag kunye ne-edge akufanele idlule i-2mm ubunzulu, kwaye i-cross-section kufuneka ikhululeke ekuqhekekeni, i-gas pores, kwaye ingabi ngaphezu kwe-5 slag inclusions encinci kune-1mm. ialloyi ye-Al-Ti-B (Ti5% B1%) yongezwa ukuze icocwe.Emva koko iingots ziyapholiswa, zisuswe, zisarhiwe ngokwemilinganiselo efunekayo, zize zilungiselelwe umjikelo olandelayo wokusarha.

Ihlelwe nguMay Jiang esuka kwiMAT Aluminium