Isishwankathelo seNkqubo yeAluminiyam yeIngot yokuCasa

I. Intshayelelo

Umgangatho we-aluminiyam yokuqala eveliswe kwiiseli ze-aluminium electrolytic iyahluka kakhulu, kwaye iqulethe ukungcola okuhlukeneyo kwetsimbi, iigesi, kunye ne-non-metal solid inclusions. Umsebenzi we-aluminiyam ingot casting kukuphucula ukusetyenziswa kolwelo oluphantsi lwe-aluminium kunye nokususa ukungcola kangangoko kunokwenzeka.

II. Ukuhlelwa kweeIngots zeAluminiyam

Ii-ingots ze-aluminium zihlelwa kwiindidi ezintathu ezisekelwe ekubunjweni: i-ingots yokubuyisela, i-ingots ye-aluminium ecocekileyo, kunye ne-aluminium alloy ingots. Zisenokwahlulwa ngokwemilo kunye nobukhulu, njengee-ingots ze-slab, ii-ingots ezingqukuva, ii-ingots zepleyiti, kunye nee-ingots ezinobu-T. Apha ngezantsi kukho iindidi ezininzi eziqhelekileyo ze-ingots ze-aluminium:

Ii-ingots zokunyibilikisa: 15kg, 20kg (≤99.80% Al)

Iingono ezimilise ngo-T: 500kg, 1000kg (≤99.80% Al)

Iingots ze-aluminiyam ezicocekileyo: 10kg, 15kg (99.90% ~99.999% Al)

I-aluminiyam i-alloy ingots: 10kg, 15kg (Al-Si, Al-Cu, Al-Mg)

Iingto zepleyiti: 500～1000kg (yemveliso yepleyiti)

Ii-ingots ezingqukuva: 30–60kg (yomzobo wocingo)

III. Inkqubo yokuCasa i-Aluminiyam yeIngot

Ukucofa iAluminiyam—Ukususwa kwenkunkuma—Ukuhlolwa kobunzima—Umxube wezinto eziphathekayo—Ukulayishwa kwesithando somlilo—Ukucokisa—Ukuphosa—Iingothi ezinyibilikayo—Uhlolo lokugqibela—Ukuhlolwa kobunzima bokugqibela—Ukugcinwa

Ukucofa i-aluminiyam—Ukususwa kwenkunkuma—Ukuhlolwa kobunzima—Ukuxutywa kwezinto—Ukulayishwa kwesithando somlilo—Ukucokisa—Ukuphosa—Iingcingo zengxubevange—Iingothi zengxubevange—Uhlolo lokugqibela—Uhlolo lokugqibela lobunzima—Ugcino.

IV. Inkqubo yokuSasa

Inkqubo yangoku yokuphosa i-aluminiyam ingot isebenzisa ubuchule bokugalela, apho ulwelo lwe-aluminiyam lugalelwa ngokuthe ngqo kumngundo kwaye luvunyelwe ukuba luphole phambi kokutsalwa. Umgangatho wemveliso unqunywe ngokukodwa kweli nyathelo, kwaye yonke inkqubo yokuphosa ijikeleza kwesi sigaba. Ukuphosa yinkqubo ebonakalayo yokupholisa i-aluminiyam engamanzi kunye nokuyikristale kwii-ingots eziqinileyo ze-aluminiyam.

1. UkuSasa ngokuqhubekayo

Ukuphosa ngokuqhubekayo kubandakanya iindlela ezimbini: ukuphoswa kwesithando somlilo esixutywe kunye nokuphosa kwangaphandle, zombini usebenzisa oomatshini bokuphosa ngokuqhubekayo. Ukuphoswa kwesithando somlilo okuxutyiweyo kubandakanya ukugalela ulwelo lwe-aluminiyam kwiziko elixubeneyo lokugalela kwaye lisetyenziselwa ikakhulu ukuvelisa iingots ezinyibilikayo kunye nee-ingots zealloy. Ukukhutshwa kwangaphandle ngokuthe ngqo kuthululela ukusuka kwi-crucible ukuya kumatshini wokuphosa kwaye isetyenziswe xa izixhobo zokulahla zingenako ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokuvelisa okanye xa umgangatho wezinto ezingenayo umpofu.

2. ISemi-Eqhubekayo yokuCasa ngokuNqobileyo

Ukuphosa okuthe nkqo okuthe nkqo kusetyenziselwa ukuvelisa iingcingo ze-aluminium, ii-ingots zepleyiti, kunye ne-alloys ehlukeneyo yokuguqulwa. Emva kokuxuba izinto eziphathekayo, i-aluminium liquid ithululelwa kwisithando somlilo esixutywe. Kwiingcingo zocingo, i-disc ye-Al-B ekhethekileyo yongezwa ukususa i-titanium kunye ne-vanadium kwi-aluminium liquid ngaphambi kokuphosa. Umgangatho womphezulu wee-ingots zocingo lwe-aluminiyam kufuneka ugudiswe ngaphandle kwe-slag, iintanda, okanye i-gas pores. Ukuqhekeka komphezulu akufanele kube ngaphezu kwe-1.5mm, imibimbi ye-slag kunye ne-edge akufanele idlule i-2mm ubunzulu, kwaye i-cross-section kufuneka ikhululeke ekuqhekekeni, i-gas pores, kwaye ingabi ngaphezu kwe-5 slag inclusions encinci kune-1mm. ialloyi ye-Al-Ti-B (Ti5% B1%) yongezwa ukuze icocwe. Emva koko iingots ziyapholiswa, zisuswe, zisarhiwe ngokwemilinganiselo efunekayo, zize zilungiselelwe umjikelo olandelayo wokusarha.

Ihlelwe nguMay Jiang esuka kwiMAT Aluminium