I-6063 alloum alloy yeyontangalisiweyo ye-al-mg-i-alrinam ye-Aluminium. Inesigebenga esigqwesileyo sokubumba, ukunganyangeki kakuhle kunye neepropathi zoomatshini abaziingcali. Ikwasetyenziswa ngokubanzi kumzi-mveliso wemoto ngenxa yencwadi yayo elula. Ngokukhawulezisa imeko yemoto ephosakeleyo, ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezingama-6063 ze-Aluminium Allousions kwishishini le-automotive inyuka ngakumbi.
ULWAZI LWEZAKHONO ZEEMPAWU ZOKUGQIBELA ZINXIBELELEKILE KUPHELA IIMPAWU ZEEMPILO ZEXESHA LOKUGQIBELA, Iqondo lokushisa kunye nomyinge ophexwayo. Phakathi kwazo, umlinganiselo wengxokolo umiselwa ikakhulu kukuphathwa kwengcinezelo, ukusebenza kwemveliso kunye nezixhobo zemveliso. Xa umyinge we-Exrusisoon incinci, ukungcungcutheka kwe-Alloty kuncinci kwaye kwacaca ukuba kucacile; Ukonyusa umyinge we-Extritusion kunokuphucula ubukhulu becala, phula isigaba sesibini esiyi-Coarde, fumana ubume obufanayo, kwaye uphucule ubume boomatshini be-alloy.
6061 kunye ne-6063 ialuminiyam alloys ye-Alfamic eguqukayo ngexesha lenkqubo yokuphumelela. Xa iqondo lobushushu lihlala lihleli, njengomlinganiso oxuthisiweyo, ubungakanani beenkozo luyancipha, isigaba esomeleza sisasazekile kakuhle, kwaye amandla abunjiweyo kunye no-Elongile wolwando olongeyo; Nangona kunjalo, njengoko umyinge ophelileyo unyuka, umkhosi we-Extrurision ofunekayo kwinkqubo yokupheliswa kwenkqubo, ebangela ifuthe elikhulu lokuthengisa, ebangela ukuba iqondo lobushushu langaphakathi le-alloy linyuke, kwaye ukusebenza kwemveliso ukuncipha. Esi sifundo solingelo sisiphumo sokupheliswa komyinge, ngakumbi umyinge omkhulu wokupheliswa, kwi-minest yolo loyilo kunye noomatshini be-6063 aluminum alloy.
Izinto ezili-1 zovavanyo kunye neendlela
Isixhobo sokuvavanywa sisi-6063 Aluminium Alloud, kwaye ukwakhiwa kweekhemikhali kuboniswa kwiTheyibhile 1. Ubungakanani bentsusa ye-Ingot yi-φ55 mm × 165 mm × 150 mm emva kwe-homogesis Unyango ngo-560 ℃ nge-6 h. I-billlet ishushu kwi-470 ℃ kwaye igcinwe ishushu. Iqondo lobushushu lokuphuma kwe-Trustrusion Barrel lingu-420 ℃, kwaye iqondo lobushushu lezinto ezihambayo lingama-450 ℃. Xa isantya sokukhutshelwa kwe-Exturision (i-Exturision Rod isantya) v = 5 mm / 5 amaqela ovavanyo olwenziwayo olwahlukileyo lwenziwa, kunye ne-ratios ye-5 (ehambelana ne-7 (i-12 mm), (D = 10 mm), 39 (d = 8 mm), 69 (d = 6 mm), kunye ne-156 mm).
Itheyibhile 1 Iikhemi zekhemikhali ezingama-6063 Al alloy (WT /%)
Emva kokugaya kwesanti kunye ne-Pointing Poilling, iisampulu ze-thlographic zazikhutshiwe ngokutsha kwe-40% yama-25% kwi-static ye-static yaqwalaselwa kwi-microscope yeLeica-5000. Isampulu yohlalutyo lokuhlengahlengiswa ngobukhulu be-10 mm × 10 i-10 mm incitshisiwe embindini wecandelo lentonga endelwelweyo, kunye nokugaya koomatshini kunye nokuphumeza ukususa uxinzelelo loxinzelelo. Amanani angaphelelanga ye-bines tanes {111}, {2000} yesampulu ye-XPERT Pro ye-X'Pert X-ray ye-X-Rdral I-X-Ray yaSebenza kwaye ihlalutywe nguMbono weDatha yeX'pert kunye nesoftware ye-x'pert.
Inqaku le-tensen ye-alloy lalithathwe embindini we-Ingot, kwaye i-ntensle icinywe ecaleni kwendlela yokuphuma emva kokuphuma. Ubungakanani bendawo ye-gauge ye-φ4 mm × 28 mm. Uvavanyo lwe-phaile lwenziwa lusebenzisa umatshini we-SANS CMT5105 Universal Visters kwiqondo le-2 mm / min. Ixabiso eliphakathi lezinto ezintathu ezisemgangathweni zabalwa njengedatha yepropathi yoomatshini. I-factphology ye-phyphology yesampulu ye-tensle yaqwalaselwa kusetyenziswa i-Microssol Scan ScansCope (COA 2000, Fei, e-USA).
Iziphumo ezi-2 kunye nengxoxo
Umzobo 1 ubonakalisa ukubizwa kwe-thlographic ye-Al-Festin Aluminium Allogram ngaphambi nasemva konyango lwe-homoning. Njengoko kubonisiwe kumzobo 1A, iingqolowa ze-α kwi-AsctSt SupecStStStStSersbresresbres ngobukhulu, inani elikhulu lemida ye-rem-al9fe2she2s iqokelelwa kwimida yengqolowa, kunye nenani elikhulu lezigaba ze-MG2SI. Emva kokuba i-uyot yayise-560 ℃ ye-6 h, iSigaba se-Extilium Extifibribribribribribribrigrict siye sachithwa, i-Aloby Eatict edityaniswe kwi-125 μm (umzobo 1b ).
Phambi kwe-homogesis
Emva kokufumana unyango kwi-600 ° C kwiiyure ezi-6
Ubume be-763 ye-Aluminium Alloud ngaphambi nasemva konyango lwe-homoning
Umzobo 2 ubonakalisa ukubonakala kwe-6063 Aluminium Alloybam enemilinganiselo eyahlukileyo yokuphuma. Njengoko kubonisiwe kumzobo 2, umgangatho womhlaba we-Aluminium Allow offmed kunye nenqanaba lokuphulukana ne-Groptriusion ilunge kakhulu kwi-156 (ihambelana nesantya sokukhuphela i-4 m / min), kusekho I-Extrusion inesiphene esifana njengamacwecwe kwaye sibambe ubucala kumphezulu webar, sibonisa ukuba i-6063 Aluminium Alloy ikwayindlela elungileyo eshushu ukusebenza phantsi kwesantya esiphezulu kunye nomyinge omkhulu.
Umzobo
Umzobo 3 ubonakalisa ukubizwa kwe-irongraphic yecandelo elide lecandelo le-6063 aluminium alloy bar enemilinganiselo eyahlukileyo. Ubume beenkozo zebha yebha ngenqanaba ezahlukeneyo zokuphelisa kubonisa amanqanaba ahlukeneyo okwazina okanye ukuphuculwa. Xa umyinge ophulukenelweyo ngu-17, iingqolowa zantlandlolo zenziwe kwicala lesiphelo, elihamba kunye nokusekwa kwenani elincinci le-grarystall, kodwa iziqu zisayintloko, kunye nesayizi-mali ephakathi ye-85 μm (umfanekiso 3a) ; Xa umyinge ophelelwe ngu-25, iingqolowa zitsalwa ngakumbi, inani lezixhobo zokuxhelelwa elixhaphakileyo liyanda, kwaye ubungakanani bokuziinkozo kwengqolowa ukhula malunga ne-71 μm (umzobo 3b); Xa umyinge we-Exrurisoon ingama-39, ngaphandle kwenani elincinci lamanzi eliziinkozo, i-microsture iqulathe ingqokelela ye-gesiaxing ye-Addystal yobukhulu obungalinganiyo, kunye nobukhulu obuziinkozo ezimalunga ne-60 μm (umzobo 3c); Xa umlinganiselo ophumeleleyo ngu-69, inkqubo ye-recrystallic egqityiweyo igqityiwe, ingqolowa yentsebenzo iguqulwe ngokupheleleyo yaba yi-Grayry-\ i-Gredrystall ehambelana ne-41 μm (umzobo we-3D); Xa umyinge ophulukenelweyo ngu-156, ngenkqubela phambili epheleleyo yenkqubo eguqukayo eguqukayo, i-Microst ye-Microssul iyunifomu, kwaye ubungakanani beenkozo buhlaziywe kakhulu malunga ne-32 μm (umzobo 3E (umzobo 3E (umzobo 3e). Ngokwanda kwemilinganiselo yaphukile, inkqubo ye-remystalling ye-Hynamic iqhubeka ngokupheleleyo, i-Alotstal Sulstral ibe yiyunifomu engaphezulu, kwaye ubungakanani beenkozo buphucukile (umzobo 3f).
I-FHIG.3 I-AFEFOODIC kunye nobukhulu beenkozo zecandelo le-tideudinal ye-6063 Aluminium AluALY DORDS
Umzobo 4 ubonakalisa amanani angenacaleni kwe-6063 alweminium alloy ngemivalo eyahlukileyo ye-exturision kunye nendlela eyahlukileyo. Ingabonwa ukuba imicrosrnation yemivalo ye-alloy enemilinganiselo eyahlukileyo yokukhutshwa kwayo yonke ivelise isifundo esibonakalayo. Xa umyinge ophulukenekiweyo ngu-17, i-Tewer <115> + <100> Ukuthungwa kwenziwe (umzobo 4A); Xa umyinge we-Exrurisoon i-39, amacandelo okugada ikakhulu awomelelayo <100> ukuthungwa kunye nenani elincinci lobuthathaka <115> Ubume (umzobo 4b); Xa umlinganiso we-Exrurisoon ungu-156, amacandelo okubhaqa yi <100> i-cunsor enokukhula olwanda kakhulu, ngelixa i <115> i-cusment inyamalala (umzobo 4c). Izifundo zibonakalise ukuba iintsimbi ezigqwesileyo ze-cubid ikakhulu ifom <111> kunye <100> Imibhalo yoWire ngexesha lokuphuma nokuzoba. Nje ukuba isikhundla sisenziwa, igumbi legumbi lokuxinana kwegumbi le-Alloty Shoisotropy. Ukonyuka kwamandla obumendo kunyuka ngokunyuka komyinge we-grestal, ebonisa inani lezikhokelo ezithile zekristale ezihambelana nolwalathiso lwe-exturision kwindawo yonyuka ngokuthe ngcembe, kwaye amanqindi amanxuwa wonyuso. Iindlela zomeleza ezingama-6063 ze-Aluminium Altrusions ezihonjisiweyo ezomeleza ukutya okucocekileyo, ukufundisa, ukomeleza ukufuduswa, njl. Njl.
Umzobo we-Fig.4 Ukubuyela umva kwe-Pole ye-6063 Aluminium Aluaum Alds enemilinganiselo eyahlukileyo yokuphuma
Umzobo o-5 yi-fistogram yepropathi ye-zungus ye-Aluminium ye-Aluminium ye-Aluminium emva kokuphulukana nenqanaba lokuphumelela. Amandla e-sunsed Alloy yi-170 MPA kunye ne-ilongwation yi-10.4%. Amandla obuzinile kunye ne-Elongition yolwabiwo emva kokuba ephuculwe kakhulu, kwaye amandla abunjiweyo kunye ne-inlongwation anyuka ngokuthe ngcembe ukonyuka komyinge ophelileyo. Xa umyinge ophulukenelweyo ngu-156, amandla e-subile kunye ne-Elongile ye-Alloty Fikelela elona xabiso liphezulu, elingama-34% aphezulu kunama-35,5% aphezulu kune-158% ephezulu kune i-elongication. Amandla e-suminium alfy afunyenwe ngumlinganiso omkhulu we-ransion osondeleyo kwi-Tensle yeXesha lamandla (i-240 MPA) ifunyenwe nge-4-channel ye-1-windows elinganayo (i-ECAP), i-171.1 MPA) ifunyenwe yi-1-dlulise i-ocap yokuphuma kwe-6063 alloy alloy. Ingabonwa ukuba umyinge omkhulu wokuphumelela unokuphucula iipropathi zoomatshini be-alloy ukuya kwinqanaba elithile.
Ukuphuculwa kweepropathi zoomatshini be-nowe-alloy ngumlinganiso we-Extritus ikakhulu kuvela kwingqolowa yomeleza ukomelezwa. Njengoko umyinge ophexwayo uyanda, iingqolowa zihlaziyiwe kwaye ukungcungcuthekiswa nokuxinana okungekho mthethweni. Imida yokudla okuziinkozo kwicandelo ngalinye inokuthintela ngokukuko ukuhamba kwentshukumo, edityaniswe nokuhamba kunye nokuntywila kokungacacanga, ngaloo ndlela iphucula amandla e-alloy. I-GRERER ingqondo, eyona mida yengqolowa, kwaye ukungcungcutheka kweplastiki kunokusasazeka ngakumbi kwi-grans, engahambelani nasekutyisweni kwee-rocks, mayibe yeyesiko le-rocks. Amandla angakumbi anokuthandwa ngexesha lenkqubo yokuqhekeka, ngaloo ndlela ukuphucula ipsikikhi ye-alloy.
I-Fig.5 Iipropati ze-tinsle ze-Aluminium ye-Aluminium Alloy emva kokuphosa kunye nokuphuma
I-tenser quatragy morphology ye-Alloty emva kokuphulukana ne-Extriotions eyahlukileyo iboniswe kwi-morphology yesampuli ye-ASTpholom yesampuli ye-ASPRAM yesampulu ye-ascraure (umzobo 6a), kwaye i-phygs yayiqulunqe i-flat . I-phraction morphology ye-fraty emva kokupheliswa itshintshe kakhulu, kwaye iqhekeza liqulunqe inani elikhulu lemigangatho elinganayo, ebonisa ukuba indlela yokuqhekeka itshintshiwe ukusuka kwi-Brittle Fracture kwi-Brittle Fractures kwi-Brittle Fracture. Xa umyinge oncinane umncinci, iingcongconi azingqubana nobungakanani obukhulu, kwaye ukungalingani; Njengomyinge ophelileyo onyukayo, inani leengcongconi liyanda, ubungakanani obukhulu buncinci kwaye ukuhanjiswa kuyinto efanayo (i-6b 6b ~ f), ehambelana nepropathi yovavanyo lonxibelelwano.
3 ISIQINISEKISO
Kweli vavanyo, imiphumo yolawulo olwahlukileyo lwe-minestum kunye neepropathi ze-Aluminium ezingama-6063 zavavanywa phantsi kwemeko ethi ubukhulu be-billet, isantya sokutshaya kunye nesantya sokupheliswa kwesantya esingaguqukiyo. Izigqibo zezi zilandelayo:
1) I-Aluminic Redystalling yenzeka nge-6063 Aluminium Alloy ngexesha elishushu. Ngokwanda kwemilinganiselo yaphukile, iingqolowa ziqhubeka ngokuqhubekayo, kwaye iingqolowa zacokiselwa ukuba zibe ziingqolowa ezilinganayo, zibe namandla e-wire, kunye namandla e-wire anyuka ngokuqhubekayo enyuka.
2) Ngenxa yesiphumo sokusomeleza kwenkozo elungileyo ukomeleza, iipropathi zoomatshini be-alloy ziphuculwe kukonyuka komyinge wexesha elidlulileyo. Ngaphakathi kuluhlu lweeparamitha zovavanyo, xa umyinge ophumeleleyo ungama-156, amandla e-subile kunye ne-Elonghation ye-Aloby Fikelela ngamaxabiso aphezulu angama-228 MPA kunye ne-26.9%, ngokulandelelana.
I-Fig.6 I-Tensle Fracture Pracking Morphologies ze-6063 Aluminium Alloy emva kokuphosa kunye nokuphuma
3) I-phraction morphology ye-Ascal-biment yenziwe kwiindawo eziflethi kunye nemiphetho yekratshi. Emva kokupheliswa, iqhekeza liqulunqe inani elikhulu leengcongconi ezilinganayo, kunye nendlela yokuqhekeka iguqulwe ukusuka kwi-Brittle Fracture kwi-Brittle Fracture.
IXESHA LOKUQALA: UNv-30 ukuya kwi-2024
