Ukunyibilika okufanayo kunye nokuhambelana kwe-alloys ye-aluminium kubalulekile kumgangatho weemveliso zokuphosa, ngakumbi xa kuziwa ekusebenzeni kweengots kunye nezinto ezicutshungulwayo. Ngethuba lenkqubo ye-smelting, ukubunjwa kwezinto ze-aluminium alloy kufuneka kulawulwe ngokungqongqo ukuphepha ukucwangciswa kokwakheka kunye nokungalingani kwengqolowa, okuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo iipropati zomatshini, ukuxhathisa ukubola kunye nokunyanzeliswa kwezinto zokugqibela.
Ukunyibilika okufanayo kunxulumene ngokusondeleyo nokwakheka kwe-aluminium alloys, izixhobo zokunyibilikisa, iiparamitha zenkqubo, njl.njl Ngexesha lenkqubo yokugalela, ukuziphatha kokuqina kolwelo lwe-aluminium kumaqondo obushushu ahlukeneyo kugqiba ubume bangaphakathi bezinto. Iqondo lobushushu, izinga lokupholisa, njl njl kuya kuchaphazela ubungakanani beenkozo kunye nokuhanjiswa kwe-ingot, kwaye emva koko kuchaphazele ukufana kwezinto. Ngokulawula ukushisa kwe-smelting, unyango lwe-homogenization kunye nezinye iindlela zobugcisa, iingxaki zokwahlulwa kwecandelo kunye nobukhulu bengqolowa ukungalingani kungancitshiswa ngokufanelekileyo.
Ukunyibilika okufanayo kunye nokuhambelana kwe-alloys ye-aluminium yimiba ephambili yokuqinisekisa umgangatho weemveliso zokuphosa, ezihambelana ngokuthe ngqo nezibonakaliso ezininzi eziphambili ezifana neempawu zomatshini, ukuxhathisa ukubola kunye nokusebenza kokusebenza kwe-castings. Ukufana kunye nokungaguquguquki kubandakanya imiba emininzi efana nokuhanjiswa kwezinto, ulawulo lobungakanani beenkozo, kunye nokuziphatha kokuqina kwealloyi ngexesha lenkqubo yokunyibilikisa.
1. Ukubaluleka kokunyibilikisa ukufana
Kwinkqubo ye-smelting ye-aluminium alloys, ukuhanjiswa okufanayo kwezinto zetsimbi kuyimfuno esisiseko yokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwezinto. Ukuba ukulawulwa kweqondo lokushisa ngexesha lenkqubo ye-smelting ayizinzile, izinto ezikwi-alloy zingahlula, kubangele ukubunjwa kwendawo engahambelaniyo. Olu luhlu olungalinganiyo luya kubangela ukungafani kwentsebenzo ngexesha lokuqiniswa okulandelayo kunye nenkqubo yokucubungula, ukunciphisa amandla omatshini, ukuqina kunye nokuxhatshazwa kwe-corrosion yemveliso. Ukungafani okungahambi kakuhle kwi-smelting kuya kubangela iindawo ezinqabileyo okanye ezibuthathaka kwizinto eziphathekayo, ezilula kakhulu ukwenza iintanda kunye nokungaphumeleli.
2. Ukucocwa kweenkozo ngexesha lokugalela
Ubungakanani kunye nokuma kweenkozo zichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo iipropathi zomatshini zokuphosa kunye nokwakheka kweziphene zokuphosa. Ngethuba lenkqubo yokuqinisa i-aluminium alloy, ukuba iinkozo zikhulu kakhulu okanye azilingani, zihlala zenza i-microstructures engathandekiyo njengeekristale zekholomu kunye neekristali zeentsiba, ezinokubangela ukuba ukuphosa kube lula okanye ukuvelisa ezinye iziphene ngexesha lokusetyenziswa. Ukuze kuthintelwe ezi ziganeko, itekhnoloji yokucoca ihlala isetyenziselwa ukuphucula ukuhanjiswa kweenkozo.
Ukusetyenziswa kwabacoci kuyindlela esebenzayo yokusombulula le ngxaki. Ngokukodwa, ukuqaliswa kwe-aluminiyam-titanium-boron refiners inokuphucula okubonakalayo kwi-microstructure ye-aluminium alloy ingots. Ngokudibanisa abacoci, iinkozo zinokucocwa kakhulu, i-microstructure ephantsi-ininzi yezinto eziphathekayo ingaba yi-homogenized, kunye neekristali ze-columnar kunye nezakhiwo zengqolowa ezinqabileyo zinokuncitshiswa. Impembelelo edibeneyo ye-TiAl₃ kunye ne-TiB₂ kwi-aluminium-titanium-boron refiner yonyusa inani le-crystal nuclei, ikhuthaza ukuveliswa kwe-crystal nuclei kulwelo lwe-aluminium, yenza iinkozo zibe zicocekile kwaye zifane ngakumbi, kwaye ngaloo ndlela ziphucula umgangatho kunye neepropati zomatshini ukuphosa.
Xa usebenzisa abacoci, ukuze ufumane umphumo ogqwesileyo, kuyimfuneko ukulawula ngokuchanekileyo inani kunye nendlela yokongezwa. Ngokuqhelekileyo, umlinganiselo womcoci owongeziweyo kufuneka ube phakathi. Ukongezwa okugqithisileyo kuya kukhokelela ekucokiseni okugqithisileyo okuziinkozo kwaye kuchaphazele ukuqina kwe-alloy, ngelixa kuncinci kuya kubangela ukucocwa okungonelanga. Ukongeza, ukuhanjiswa komcoci kufuneka kufane ukuphepha ukugqithiswa kwendawo okanye ukunqongophala kwinyibilika, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukucocwa okulinganayo okuziinkozo kwayo yonke into.
3. Ukulawula ubushushu kunye nokuvuselela iteknoloji ngexesha lokunyibilikisa
Ukunyibilika okufanayo kuchaphazeleka kakhulu kulawulo lobushushu kunye neendlela zokuvuselela. Xa i-smelting i-aluminium alloys, ukuhanjiswa kwentsimi yeqondo lokushisa kwi-melt kunye nokuhamba kwemo yensimbi etyhidiweyo idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekufaniseni ukubunjwa. Ubushushu obuphezulu kakhulu okanye obuphantsi kakhulu bokunyibilika bunokubangela ukwakheka okungalinganiyo okanye iinkozo ezirhabaxa. Ngokusebenzisa ulawulo olufanelekileyo lweqondo lobushushu, ukwahlulwa kwe-solutes kwinyibilika kunokuncipha ngokufanelekileyo.
Kwangaxeshanye, iteknoloji eshukumisayo idlala indima ebalulekileyo kwinkqubo yokunyibilikisa. Ngokuxhokonxa ngoomatshini okanye nge-electromagnetic, ukuxinezeleka komphezulu we-alloy ye-aluminium engamanzi kunokophuka, ukuze i-solute isasazwe ngokulinganayo ngakumbi kwisigaba solwelo kwaye ukutyetyiswa kwendawo yezinto kuthintelwe. Ukufana kokuvuselela kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukubunjwa kwe-melt kunye nomgangatho wokuqiniswa okulandelayo. Ukulawulwa okufanelekileyo kwesantya esishukumisayo kunye nexesha, ngokukodwa ukuvuselela okwaneleyo emva kokongezwa kwezisulungesi, kunokuphucula ukufana okupheleleyo kokunyibilika kunye nokuqinisekisa isiphumo sokucocwa kweenkozo.
4. Ukulawulwa kweMicrostructure ngexesha lokuqina
Inkqubo yokuqinisa yinqanaba eliphambili elichaphazela i-microstructure ye-aluminium alloy castings. Ngexesha lokuqina, ukuhanjiswa kwentsimi yeqondo lokushisa kwi-melt front, ukuziphatha kwe-solute redistribution, kunye ne-morphological evolution yeenkozo kuya kuba nefuthe elibi kakhulu ekusebenzeni kokugqibela kokugqibela. Kumgangatho ophezulu we-aluminium alloy castings, kuyimfuneko ukulawula izinga lokupholisa, i-supercooling, kunye nemeko ye-thermodynamic ye-solid-liquid interface yangaphambili ngexesha lokuqina.
Ngethuba lenkqubo yokuqinisa, ukupholisa ngokukhawuleza kunceda ukwenza i-uniform equiaxed crystal structure kunye nokunciphisa umlinganiselo we-columnar crystals. Ngokulungisa izinga lokupholisa kunye nokulawula i-gradient yeqondo lokushisa ngexesha lokupholisa, ukufana kwesakhiwo sengqolowa kunokuphuculwa ngokufanelekileyo. Ukongeza, kwi-castings yecandelo elikhulu, inkqubo yonyango yokushisa i-homogenization idla ngokusetyenziselwa ukuphelisa ukusabalalisa okungalinganiyo kwezigaba eziqinileyo eziqinileyo kunye nokuphucula ngakumbi ukufana kunye nokuhambelana kwezinto.
5. Ukuphuhlisa ngokuqhubekayo iteknoloji yokunyibilikisa
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ngokusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwezixhobo ze-aluminium alloy, itekhnoloji yokunyibilikisa iye yaphuhliswa ngokuqhubekayo, ngakumbi ukungeniswa kobuchwephesha obukrelekrele nobusulungekileyo. Izixhobo zokunyibilikisa ze-aluminiyam yanamhlanje zihlawula ngakumbi nangakumbi kulawulo oluzenzekelayo. Ngokufunyanwa kwe-intanethi kunye nezixhobo zokulawula, ukubunjwa, ubushushu kunye nokulungiswa kweenkozo kwimeko ye-melt kunokujongwa ngexesha langempela ukuqinisekisa ukuzinza kunye nokufana kwenkqubo yokunyibilika.
Ukongeza, ngokuphuculwa kwenkqubo yokunyibilikisa, itekhnoloji enje ngenkqubo emfutshane yokunyibilikisa kunye nonyango lokucoca kwi-Intanethi ziye zaduma kancinci kancinci. Ezi teknoloji aziphuculi nje ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso, kodwa zinciphisa ngokufanelekileyo ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kunye neendleko zemveliso, zikhuthaza ngakumbi ukuphuculwa kweteknoloji ye-aluminium alloy smelting.
Kwinkqubo yokunyibilikiswa kwe-aluminiyam ye-alloy, ukufana kunye nokuhambelana kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa umgangatho wemveliso. Ngokusetyenziswa okunengqiqo kwezisulungesi, ukulungiswa kokulawula ubushushu kunye nokuvuselela iteknoloji, ukwakhiwa kweenkozo kunye nokusabalalisa ukubunjwa kwe-ingot kunokuphuculwa kakhulu ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukuphosa kuneempawu ezibalaseleyo zomatshini kunye nomgangatho ozinzile. Ngophuhliso lwetekhnoloji, inkqubo yokunyibilikisa i-alloys ye-aluminium ihambela kubukrelekrele kunye nokucokisa, kwaye umgangatho wemveliso yokuphosa i-aluminiyam uphuculwa ngokuqhubekayo.
Ukongeza, ukongezwa kwabacokisi ngumlinganiselo obalulekileyo wokuphucula ukufana kwe-aluminium alloy smelting. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-aluminium-titanium-boron refiners kunokuphucula ngokubonakalayo isakhiwo esisezantsi sokukhulisa ingot kunye nokunciphisa iziphene ezifana neekristale zeentsiba kunye neekristali zekholomu. Ngelixa iqinisekisa isiphumo sokusulungekiswa okuziinkozo, olu hlobo lwesisulungesi lukwafuna ukulawula isixa saso songezelelo kunye nokusasazwa, ukuqinisekisa ukufana kokwakheka, kunye nokuphepha ukudityaniswa komcoci. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukunyibilika kunye nokuphosa umgangatho we-aluminium alloys, kuyimfuneko ukunyusa inkqubo yokunyibilikisa, ukucokisa iinkozo, kunye nokulawula ngokungqongqo ukuhanjiswa kwezinto ezixutywayo.
Kwinkqubo yokunyibilikiswa kwe-aluminiyam ye-alloy, ukufana kunye nokuhambelana kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa umgangatho wemveliso. Ngokusetyenziswa okunengqiqo kwezisulungesi, ukulungelelaniswa kolawulo lobushushu kunye nokuvuselela iteknoloji, ukwakhiwa kweenkozo kunye nokusabalalisa ukubunjwa kwe-ingot kunokuphuculwa kakhulu, ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukuphosa kuneempawu ezibalaseleyo zomatshini kunye nomgangatho ozinzile. Ngophuhliso lwetekhnoloji, inkqubo yokunyibilika kwe-alloys ye-aluminium ihambela kubukrelekrele kunye nokucokisa, kwaye ngokuqhubekayo iphucula umgangatho weemveliso zokuphosa i-aluminium alloy.
Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-27-2024
